This paper discusses Ngô Sĩ Liên‘s resistant attitude against China implicated in his book, Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, which was presented to Lê Thánh Tông in 1479. In that book, Ngô Sĩ Liên emphasizes the independent status of Vietnam, especially rejecting the recognition that China was the ruler of Vietnam between 1407- 1427. And he evaluates the Vietnamese resistance against the Chinese rule during the so-called Thời kỳ Bắc thuộc (北屬期). He also underscored that a sense of equality existed between Vietnam and China, arguing Vietnam as a different type of civilized country from China. Such resistant attitude was still observed in the nineteenth century; for instance, among the Vietnamese envoys, who went to China, emphasizing that Vietnam was a civilized country with a long history. We see the Vietnamese resistance against China even nowadays, such as Vietnam’s confrontation with China in the South China Sea.